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Race record
Race records were 78 rpm phonograph records marketed to African Americans during the 1920s through the early 1940s.〔Oliver, Paul. "Race record." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Web. 13 Feb. 2015〕 They primarily contained race music, comprising a variety of African American musical genres including blues, jazz, and gospel music, though comedy recordings were also produced. These records were, at the time, the majority of commercial recordings of African American artists in the US (very few African American artists were marketed to the "general audience"). Race records were marketed by Okeh Records,〔(photo )〕 Emerson Records,〔(photo )〕 Vocalion Records,〔(photo )〕 Victor Talking Machine Company,〔(photo )〕 Paramount Records, and several other companies.
==Terminology==
Such records were labeled "race records" in reference to their marketing to African Americans, but white Americans gradually began to purchase such records as well. In the 16 October 1920 issue of the ''Chicago Defender'', an African American newspaper, an advertisement for Okeh records identified Mamie Smith as "Our Race Artist". Most of the major recording companies issued special "race" series of records between the mid 1920s and the 1940s.〔Peter Gammond, The Oxford Companion to Popular Music, 1991, p.477〕
Although in hindsight the term "race record" may seem to be a derogatory one, in the early 20th century the African American press routinely used the term "the Race" to refer to African Americans as a whole, and used the terms "race man" or "race woman" to refer to African American individuals who showed pride and support for their people and culture;〔(Race Music: CHAPTER ONE )〕 compare the cognate term ''la raza'' for Latin American cultural identity.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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